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After him, seven emperors from the same Julio-Claudian Dynasty ruled until 69 AD. The history of the emperors of ancient Rome began with Augustus Caesar who ruled from 27 BC to 14 AD. The Roman Empire during his reign expanded to include Egypt and this initiated the era of peace known as Pax Romana meaning ‘Roman Peace’.Ī drawing of famed Roman Emperor Augustus Ceasar. His real name was Gaius Octavius and he belonged to the equestrian branch of the famous plebeian Octavii family. Augustus Caesar became the emperor of Rome in 27 BC and ruled until his death in 14 AD. He was the adopted son of Julius Caesar who was assassinated in 44 BC. Essentialy the Roman emperors were likened to a king, although the disinction was clear that the emperors were not a monarchy which has already been tried and passed over in ancient Rome.Īugustus Caesar was the first emperor of ancient Rome and one of the most famous among all emperors of ancient Rome.

The power of the emperor lay in their control of the Roman army, meaning emperors often needed the support of the troops or the Roman Senate, or both. The emperors of ancient Rome were the central authority in the empire while the provinces were run by their governors who were directly answerable to the Senate. It was an empire that stretched from Britain in the West to Syria in the East, including the Mediterranean region as well as Northern Africa. The ancient Roman emperors were the rulers of the vast Roman Empire that stretched over three continents at its peak.